使用自定义协议 + 编解码器 来解决
关键就是要解决 服务器端每次读取数据长度的问题, 这个问题解决,就不会出现服务器多读或少读数据的问 题,从而避免的 TCP 粘包、拆包 。
要求客户端发送 5 个 Message 对象, 客户端每次发送一个 Message 对象
服务器端每次接收一个 Message, 分 5 次进行解码, 每读取到 一个 Message , 会回复一个 Message 对象 给客 户端.
@Data
public class MessageProtocol {
private int len;//关键 字节数组的长度
private byte[] content; //信息的字节数组
}
/**
* 编码器,将业务数据编码成二进制文件
*/
public class MyMessageEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder<MessageProtocol> {
@Override
protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, MessageProtocol messageProtocol, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {
System.out.println("MyMessageEncoder encode 方法被调用");
//将实体类的数据 写入缓存区中
byteBuf.writeInt(messageProtocol.getLen());
byteBuf.writeBytes(messageProtocol.getContent());
}
}
/**
* 解码器,将二进制文件解码成实体类对象
*/
public class MyMessageDecoder extends ReplayingDecoder<Void> {
@Override
protected void decode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf, List<Object> list) throws Exception {
System.out.println("MyMessageDecoder decode 被调用");
//需要将得到二进制字节码-> MessageProtocol 数据包(对象)
int length = byteBuf.readInt();
byte[] content = new byte[length];
byteBuf.readBytes(content);
//封装成 MessageProtocol 对象,放入 out, 传递下一个 handler 业务处理
MessageProtocol messageProtocol = new MessageProtocol();
messageProtocol.setLen(length);
messageProtocol.setContent(content);
list.add(messageProtocol);
}
}
/**
* 处理业务的handler
*/
public class MyServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<MessageProtocol> {
private int count;
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { //cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
//对读取的数据处理
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageProtocol msg) throws Exception {
//接受到数据 解析数据
int len = msg.getLen();
byte[] content = msg.getContent();
System.out.println("-----------");
System.out.println("服务器接收到信息如下");
System.out.println("长度=" + len);
System.out.println("内容=" + new String(content, Charset.forName("utf-8")));
System.out.println("服务器接收到消息包数量=" + (++this.count));
//回复消息
String str = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
byte[] bytes = str.getBytes(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
MessageProtocol messageProtocol = new MessageProtocol();
messageProtocol.setLen(bytes.length);
messageProtocol.setContent(bytes);
//利用上下文读取且将刷新缓冲区
ctx.writeAndFlush(messageProtocol);
}
}
/**
* 客户端处理Handler
*/
public class MyClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<MessageProtocol> {
private int count;
//连接请求时候触发
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//使用客户端发送 10 条数据
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
String msg = "天太热了";
byte[] bytes = msg.getBytes(Charset.forName("utf-8"));
int len = bytes.length;
//创建协议包对象
MessageProtocol messageProtocol = new MessageProtocol();
messageProtocol.setContent(bytes);
messageProtocol.setLen(len);
ctx.writeAndFlush(messageProtocol);
}
}
//读取信息处理
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, MessageProtocol msg) throws Exception {
int len = msg.getLen();
byte[] content = msg.getContent();
System.out.println("客户端收到了信息");
System.out.println("消息长度" + len);
System.out.println("消息内容" + new String(content, Charset.forName("utf-8")));
System.out.println("客户端接收消息数量=" + (++this.count));
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
System.out.println("异常消息=" + cause.getMessage());
ctx.close();
}
}
public class MyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
NioEventLoopGroup workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyMessageDecoder());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyMessageEncoder());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyServerHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(8000).sync();
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
public class MyClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyMessageEncoder());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyMessageDecoder());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyClientHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 8000).sync();
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
避免网络传送过程中造成的粘包和拆包的最主要手段,利用 使用自定义协议 + 编解码器 ,在本次案例中,利用在传输过程中的解析包实体类的len长度,来确定一个消息的长度,来作为解析时候解析消息的长度来判断是否粘包和拆包
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